-
- Art. 5a FC
- Art. 6 FC
- Art. 10 FC
- Art. 16 FC
- Art. 17 FC
- Art. 20 FC
- Art. 22 FC
- Art. 29a FC
- Art. 30 FC
- Art. 32 FC
- Art. 42 FC
- Art. 43 FC
- Art. 43a FC
- Art. 55 FC
- Art. 56 FC
- Art. 60 FC
- Art. 68 FC
- Art. 75b FC
- Art. 77 FC
- Art. 96 para. 2 lit. a FC
- Art. 110 FC
- Art. 117a FC
- Art. 118 FC
- Art. 123b FC
- Art. 136 FC
- Art. 166 FC
-
- Art. 11 CO
- Art. 12 CO
- Art. 50 CO
- Art. 51 CO
- Art. 84 CO
- Art. 143 CO
- Art. 144 CO
- Art. 145 CO
- Art. 146 CO
- Art. 147 CO
- Art. 148 CO
- Art. 149 CO
- Art. 150 CO
- Art. 701 CO
- Art. 715 CO
- Art. 715a CO
- Art. 734f CO
- Art. 785 CO
- Art. 786 CO
- Art. 787 CO
- Art. 788 CO
- Transitional provisions to the revision of the Stock Corporation Act of June 19, 2020
- Art. 808c CO
-
- Art. 2 PRA
- Art. 3 PRA
- Art. 4 PRA
- Art. 6 PRA
- Art. 10 PRA
- Art. 10a PRA
- Art. 11 PRA
- Art. 12 PRA
- Art. 13 PRA
- Art. 14 PRA
- Art. 15 PRA
- Art. 16 PRA
- Art. 17 PRA
- Art. 19 PRA
- Art. 20 PRA
- Art. 21 PRA
- Art. 22 PRA
- Art. 23 PRA
- Art. 24 PRA
- Art. 25 PRA
- Art. 26 PRA
- Art. 27 PRA
- Art. 29 PRA
- Art. 30 PRA
- Art. 31 PRA
- Art. 32 PRA
- Art. 32a PRA
- Art. 33 PRA
- Art. 34 PRA
- Art. 35 PRA
- Art. 36 PRA
- Art. 37 PRA
- Art. 38 PRA
- Art. 39 PRA
- Art. 40 PRA
- Art. 41 PRA
- Art. 42 PRA
- Art. 43 PRA
- Art. 44 PRA
- Art. 45 PRA
- Art. 46 PRA
- Art. 47 PRA
- Art. 48 PRA
- Art. 49 PRA
- Art. 50 PRA
- Art. 51 PRA
- Art. 52 PRA
- Art. 53 PRA
- Art. 54 PRA
- Art. 55 PRA
- Art. 56 PRA
- Art. 57 PRA
- Art. 58 PRA
- Art. 59a PRA
- Art. 59b PRA
- Art. 59c PRA
- Art. 62 PRA
- Art. 63 PRA
- Art. 67 PRA
- Art. 67a PRA
- Art. 67b PRA
- Art. 75 PRA
- Art. 75a PRA
- Art. 76 PRA
- Art. 76a PRA
- Art. 90 PRA
-
- Vorb. zu Art. 1 FADP
- Art. 1 FADP
- Art. 2 FADP
- Art. 3 FADP
- Art. 5 lit. f und g FADP
- Art. 6 Abs. 6 and 7 FADP
- Art. 7 FADP
- Art. 10 FADP
- Art. 11 FADP
- Art. 12 FADP
- Art. 14 FADP
- Art. 15 FADP
- Art. 19 FADP
- Art. 20 FADP
- Art. 22 FADP
- Art. 23 FADP
- Art. 25 FADP
- Art. 26 FADP
- Art. 27 FADP
- Art. 31 para. 2 lit. e FADP
- Art. 33 FADP
- Art. 34 FADP
- Art. 35 FADP
- Art. 38 FADP
- Art. 39 FADP
- Art. 40 FADP
- Art. 41 FADP
- Art. 42 FADP
- Art. 43 FADP
- Art. 44 FADP
- Art. 44a FADP
- Art. 45 FADP
- Art. 46 FADP
- Art. 47 FADP
- Art. 47a FADP
- Art. 48 FADP
- Art. 49 FADP
- Art. 50 FADP
- Art. 51 FADP
- Art. 54 FADP
- Art. 57 FADP
- Art. 58 FADP
- Art. 60 FADP
- Art. 61 FADP
- Art. 62 FADP
- Art. 63 FADP
- Art. 64 FADP
- Art. 65 FADP
- Art. 66 FADP
- Art. 67 FADP
- Art. 69 FADP
- Art. 72 FADP
- Art. 72a FADP
-
- Art. 2 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 3 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 4 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 5 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 6 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 7 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 8 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 9 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 11 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 12 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 25 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 29 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 32 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 33 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 34 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION
CODE OF OBLIGATIONS
FEDERAL LAW ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
LUGANO CONVENTION
CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE
FEDERAL ACT ON POLITICAL RIGHTS
CIVIL CODE
FEDERAL ACT ON CARTELS AND OTHER RESTRAINTS OF COMPETITION
FEDERAL ACT ON INTERNATIONAL MUTUAL ASSISTANCE IN CRIMINAL MATTERS
DEBT ENFORCEMENT AND BANKRUPTCY ACT
FEDERAL ACT ON DATA PROTECTION
SWISS CRIMINAL CODE
CYBERCRIME CONVENTION
I. Subject matter
1 Decisions are generally opened only to the parties involved in the proceedings (and to the ancillary parties), the modalities of the opening of the decision being essentially governed by Art. 239 CPC. In extension of this principle, Art. 240 CPC provides that the decision shall also be communicated or published to authorities and third parties concerned to the extent provided for by law or for the purpose of enforcement.
2 The communication of the decision to authorities or third parties does not constitute a formal opening of the decision and the addressees of the communication do not thereby acquire party status. In this respect, the notification of a decision under Art. 240 CPC is also to be distinguished from the opening of family law decisions vis-à-vis the child who has reached the age of 14 (cf. Art. 301 lit. b CPC).
3 Art. 240 CPC does not refer to the making available of decisions pursuant to Art. 54 para. 1 CPC (e.g. by publication at the court, publication in collections of decisions, etc.). Art. 54 para. 1 CPC grants the interested public the right to inspect court decisions under certain circumstances. Judicial notification obligations to authorities under federal or cantonal law also do not constitute a case of application of a notification under Art. 240 CPC.
4 Publication based on Art. 240 CPC must be further distinguished from public announcement under Art. 141 CPC. Public notice under Art. 141 CPC is a form of service (so-called edictal service) that is effected under certain conditions if the other forms of service prove impossible.
II. Basic principles
5 If there is a statutory basis, the court decides ex officio whether a decision is to be notified or published to authorities or third parties. The persons and authorities to whom the decision is communicated must be expressly named in the decision (Art. 238 lit. e CPC). All addressees of the decision must be indicated in the decision disposition. Subsequent notification is only possible by correcting the decision (Art. 334 CPC).
6 Notification of authorities and third parties is usually effected by delivery of an extract of the decision. Exceptionally, the communication of the complete decision together with the recitals may be necessary if a mere excerpt would not meet the information needs of the addressed authority or third party.
7 If the law provides for publication of the decision, the cantonal law determines the organ of publication, subject to federal requirements (see for example Art. 35 SchKG or Art. 986 para. 2 CO). This is usually the cantonal official gazette.
III. Cases of application (selection)
8 The following is a list, without claiming to be exhaustive, of some examples where, pursuant to Art. 240 CPC, a communication of the decision to authorities (A) or third parties (B) or a publication of the decision takes place (C).
A. Notification of the decision to authorities
9 A communication of the decision to an authority is provided for by law in the following cases, for example:
In the area of the Civil Code: The court must notify the competent civil registry offices or their supervisory authorities of a large number of decisions relating to family and personal law (e.g. declaration of disappearance, marriage, determination of paternity or civil status; Art. 42 ZGB and Art. 40 and 42 f. ZStV). The dissolution or cancellation of associations and foundations entered in the Commercial Register must be notified to the Commercial Register Office for the purpose of deletion (Art. 79 and Art. 89 para. 2 CC). Restrictions on the disposal of a property by a spouse must be notified to the Land Registry (Art. 178, para. 3 CC). The same applies to court-ordered priority notices of provisional entries (Art. 961, para. 2, CC and Art. 124, para. 1, GBV).
In the area of the CO: Certain decisions in matters of company law must be notified to the competent commercial registry office (e.g. provisional withdrawal of the power of representation [Art. 565 para. 2 CO], dissolution and registration of the liquidators of the general partnership [Art. 574 para. 2 CO and Art. 583 para. 3 CO] or of the joint-stock company [Art. 737 CO and Art. 740 para. 2 CO]). Judgments on contested rents and other claims by landlords must be notified to the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (Art. 23 para. 2 VMWG).
In the area of the SchKG: Certain orders in connection with bankruptcy proceedings, such as the opening, revocation of bankruptcy and the discontinuation or conclusion of bankruptcy proceedings, must be notified to the Commercial Register Office (Art. 176 SchKG, Art. 939 OR, Art. 158 para. 1 HRegV). The same applies (subject to Art. 293c para. 2 SchKG) to the granting of a definitive or provisional moratorium (Art. 296 SchKG, Art. 160 HRegV) and the confirmation of the composition agreement with assignment of assets (Art. 308 SchKG, Art. 161 HRegV).
In the area of intellectual property law: decisions in patent or trademark matters must be served on the Institute of Intellectual Property (Art. 70a PatA, Art. 54 MSchG).
In the area of cartel law: Decisions taken in application of the Cartel Act must be served on the Secretariat of the Competition Commission (Art. 48 para. 2 KG).
B. Notification of the decision to third parties
10 Notification of the decision to third parties is provided for by law in the following cases, for example:
In the area of the Civil Code: Decisions on personality violations may be communicated to third parties at the request of a party (Art. 28a para. 2 CC). If the obligated person neglects to fulfil a maintenance obligation, the court may order his or her debtors to make payments in whole or in part to the entitled person (art. 132 para. 2 CC). If a guardianship restricts a person's capacity to act, the debtors must be notified accordingly (Art. 452 para. 2 CC).
In the area of data protection: In data protection law, the plaintiff may also request that the decision be communicated to third parties (Art. 15 para. 3 FADP and Art. 25 para. 3 lit. b FADP).
In the area of precautionary measures: Under the conditions of Art. 261 CPC, the court orders precautionary measures. Such a measure may consist, among other things, of an order to a third person (or a registry authority) (Art. 262 lit. c CPC).
C. Publication of the decision
11 Publication of the decision is provided for by law in the following cases, for example:
In the area of the Civil Code: Decisions on personality violations may be published at the request of a party (Art. 28a para. 2 CC). Under certain circumstances, the withdrawal of a spouse's power of representation may also be published (Art. 174 para. 3 CC). The unknown creditor of a debtor's deed may be publicly requested by the court to report it (Art. 856 para. 1 CC).
In the area of data protection: In the area of data protection law, the plaintiff may also demand publication of the decision (Art. 15 para. 3 DPA and Art. 25 para. 3 lit. b DPA).
In the area of the CO: The declaration of invalidity of securities must be published in the Swiss Official Gazette of Commerce and, at the discretion of the court, also elsewhere (Art. 986 para. 2 CO; cf. also Art. 972 CO and Art. 977 CO).
In the area of the SchKG: the revocation of bankruptcy is made public (Art. 195 para. 3 SchKG). The same applies to the granting of a definitive or provisional moratorium (Art. 296 SchKG, subject to Art. 293c para. 2 SchKG) and the confirmation of the composition agreement with assignment of assets (Art. 308 SchKG).
In the area of intellectual property law: the court may authorise the prevailing party to publish a patent law decision at the expense of the opposing party (Art. 70 para. 1 PatA).
Materials
Botschaft zur Schweizerischen Zivilprozessordnung vom 28. Juni 2006, BBl 2006, S. 7221 ff., abrufbar unter https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/filestore/fedlex.data.admin.ch/eli/fga/2006/914/de/pdf-a/fedlex-data-admin-ch-eli-fga-2006-914-de-pdf-a.pdf, besucht am 22. Juni 2022.
Bibliography
Killias Laurent, Berner Kommentar, Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, Band II, Bern 2012.
Kriech Markus, in: Brunner Alexander / Gasser Dominik / Schwander Ivo (Hrsg.), DIKE Kommentar, ZPO Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, 2. Aufl., Zürich / St. Gallen 2016.
Michel Margot / Steck Daniel, in: Spühler Karl / Tenchio Luca / Infanger Dominik (Hrsg.), Basler Kommentar, Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, 3. Aufl., Basel 2017.
Nordmann Francis / Oneyser Stéphanie, in: Staehelin Daniel / Bauer Thomas / Lorandi Franco (Hrsg.), Basler Kommentar, Bundesgesetzt über Schuldbetreibung und Konkurs I, 3. Aufl., Basel 2021.
Oberhammer Paul / Weber Philipp, in: Oberhammer Paul / Domej Tanja / Haas Ulrich (Hrsg.), Kurzkommentar, Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, 3. Aufl., Basel 2021.
Sogo Miguel / Naegeli Georg, in: Oberhammer Paul / Domej Tanja / Haas Ulrich (Hrsg.), Kurzkommentar, Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, 3. Aufl., Basel 2021.
Staehelin Daniel, in: Sutter-Somm Thomas / Hasenböhler Franz / Leuenberger Christoph (Hrsg.), Schulthess Kommentar zur Schweizerischen Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO), 3. Aufl., Zürich / Basel / Genf 2016.
Stäubli Christoph, in: Honsell Heinrich / Vogt Nedim Peter / Watter Rolf (Hrsg.), Basler Kommentar, Obligationenrecht II, 5. Aufl., Basel 2016.
Steck Daniel / Brunner Norbert, in: Spühler Karl / Tenchio Luca / Infanger Dominik (Hrsg.), Basler Kommentar, Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, 3. Aufl., Basel 2017.
Sutter-Somm Thomas / Seiler Benedikt, Handkommentar zur Schweizerischen Zivilprozessordnung, Zürich / Basel / Genf 2021.
Zürcher Johann, in: Brunner Alexander / Gasser Dominik / Schwander Ivo (Hrsg.), DIKE Kommentar, ZPO Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung, 2. Aufl., Zürich / St. Gallen 2016.