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- Art. 5a FC
- Art. 6 FC
- Art. 10 FC
- Art. 16 FC
- Art. 17 FC
- Art. 20 FC
- Art. 22 FC
- Art. 29a FC
- Art. 30 FC
- Art. 32 FC
- Art. 42 FC
- Art. 43 FC
- Art. 43a FC
- Art. 55 FC
- Art. 56 FC
- Art. 60 FC
- Art. 68 FC
- Art. 75b FC
- Art. 77 FC
- Art. 96 para. 2 lit. a FC
- Art. 110 FC
- Art. 117a FC
- Art. 118 FC
- Art. 123b FC
- Art. 136 FC
- Art. 166 FC
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- Art. 11 CO
- Art. 12 CO
- Art. 50 CO
- Art. 51 CO
- Art. 84 CO
- Art. 143 CO
- Art. 144 CO
- Art. 145 CO
- Art. 146 CO
- Art. 147 CO
- Art. 148 CO
- Art. 149 CO
- Art. 150 CO
- Art. 701 CO
- Art. 715 CO
- Art. 715a CO
- Art. 734f CO
- Art. 785 CO
- Art. 786 CO
- Art. 787 CO
- Art. 788 CO
- Transitional provisions to the revision of the Stock Corporation Act of June 19, 2020
- Art. 808c CO
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- Art. 2 PRA
- Art. 3 PRA
- Art. 4 PRA
- Art. 6 PRA
- Art. 10 PRA
- Art. 10a PRA
- Art. 11 PRA
- Art. 12 PRA
- Art. 13 PRA
- Art. 14 PRA
- Art. 15 PRA
- Art. 16 PRA
- Art. 17 PRA
- Art. 19 PRA
- Art. 20 PRA
- Art. 21 PRA
- Art. 22 PRA
- Art. 23 PRA
- Art. 24 PRA
- Art. 25 PRA
- Art. 26 PRA
- Art. 27 PRA
- Art. 29 PRA
- Art. 30 PRA
- Art. 31 PRA
- Art. 32 PRA
- Art. 32a PRA
- Art. 33 PRA
- Art. 34 PRA
- Art. 35 PRA
- Art. 36 PRA
- Art. 37 PRA
- Art. 38 PRA
- Art. 39 PRA
- Art. 40 PRA
- Art. 41 PRA
- Art. 42 PRA
- Art. 43 PRA
- Art. 44 PRA
- Art. 45 PRA
- Art. 46 PRA
- Art. 47 PRA
- Art. 48 PRA
- Art. 49 PRA
- Art. 50 PRA
- Art. 51 PRA
- Art. 52 PRA
- Art. 53 PRA
- Art. 54 PRA
- Art. 55 PRA
- Art. 56 PRA
- Art. 57 PRA
- Art. 58 PRA
- Art. 59a PRA
- Art. 59b PRA
- Art. 59c PRA
- Art. 62 PRA
- Art. 63 PRA
- Art. 67 PRA
- Art. 67a PRA
- Art. 67b PRA
- Art. 75 PRA
- Art. 75a PRA
- Art. 76 PRA
- Art. 76a PRA
- Art. 90 PRA
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- Vorb. zu Art. 1 FADP
- Art. 1 FADP
- Art. 2 FADP
- Art. 3 FADP
- Art. 5 lit. f und g FADP
- Art. 6 Abs. 6 and 7 FADP
- Art. 7 FADP
- Art. 10 FADP
- Art. 11 FADP
- Art. 12 FADP
- Art. 14 FADP
- Art. 15 FADP
- Art. 19 FADP
- Art. 20 FADP
- Art. 22 FADP
- Art. 23 FADP
- Art. 25 FADP
- Art. 26 FADP
- Art. 27 FADP
- Art. 31 para. 2 lit. e FADP
- Art. 33 FADP
- Art. 34 FADP
- Art. 35 FADP
- Art. 38 FADP
- Art. 39 FADP
- Art. 40 FADP
- Art. 41 FADP
- Art. 42 FADP
- Art. 43 FADP
- Art. 44 FADP
- Art. 44a FADP
- Art. 45 FADP
- Art. 46 FADP
- Art. 47 FADP
- Art. 47a FADP
- Art. 48 FADP
- Art. 49 FADP
- Art. 50 FADP
- Art. 51 FADP
- Art. 54 FADP
- Art. 57 FADP
- Art. 58 FADP
- Art. 60 FADP
- Art. 61 FADP
- Art. 62 FADP
- Art. 63 FADP
- Art. 64 FADP
- Art. 65 FADP
- Art. 66 FADP
- Art. 67 FADP
- Art. 69 FADP
- Art. 72 FADP
- Art. 72a FADP
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- Art. 2 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 3 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 4 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 5 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 6 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 7 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 8 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 9 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 11 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 12 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 25 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 29 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 32 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 33 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
- Art. 34 CCC (Convention on Cybercrime)
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION
CODE OF OBLIGATIONS
FEDERAL LAW ON PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW
LUGANO CONVENTION
CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE
FEDERAL ACT ON POLITICAL RIGHTS
CIVIL CODE
FEDERAL ACT ON CARTELS AND OTHER RESTRAINTS OF COMPETITION
FEDERAL ACT ON INTERNATIONAL MUTUAL ASSISTANCE IN CRIMINAL MATTERS
DEBT ENFORCEMENT AND BANKRUPTCY ACT
FEDERAL ACT ON DATA PROTECTION
SWISS CRIMINAL CODE
CYBERCRIME CONVENTION
- In a nutshell
- I. General
- II. Disciplinary measure of warning
- III. Disciplinary proceedings
- Bibliography
- Materials
In a nutshell
Disciplinary law is governed by special legislation in Art. 44a FADP. The provision restricts the range of disciplinary measures possible under federal personnel law and makes only the measure of a warning available to the appointee. This takes into account the independence of the appointee. At the same time, the disciplinary measure of a warning provides the judicial commission with an instrument for objecting to conduct by the appointee that is in breach of duty and for protecting the reputation and trustworthiness of the FDPIC's authority.
I. General
A. Genesis
1 Article 44a FADP was inserted into the totally revised FADP as part of the parliamentary initiative SPK-N 21.443. During this work on the implementing law on the employment relationship of the Commissioner, it became apparent that individual additions to the totally revised FADP were necessary. In this context, the legislator considered - among other things - the disciplinary law as an important provision to be clarified at the formal-legal level.
B. Purpose of the Norm
2 Art. 44a FADP provides for a deviation from federal personnel law for the employment relationship of the Commissioner in the area of disciplinary law (cf. Art. 43 para. 3 first sentence FADP). Most of the disciplinary measures listed in Art. 99 para. 2 and 3 BPV (in conjunction with Art. 25 para. 2 lit. b and c BPG), which can be taken in the event of a breach of duties under employment law, are in fact incompatible with the office of the appointee or could jeopardize the independence of the appointee. This applies in particular to salary reductions and fines as well as changes in the scope of duties, working hours or place of work. However, the legislator did not want to completely dispense with disciplinary measures against the appointee, as such measures can help to ensure that the appointee performs his or her duties in accordance with the law.
3 Art. 44a FADP must be understood in light of this tension between the preservation of independence and the interest in the lawful execution of official duties. The provision restricts the range of disciplinary measures possible under federal personnel law and makes only the measure of a warning available to the appointee.
II. Disciplinary measure of warning
4 Pursuant to Art. 44a FADP, the Judicial Commission may issue a warning if it finds that the appointee has violated official duties. This provides it with an instrument which it should use to ensure the reputation and trustworthiness of the FDPIC. With a warning, "the employer gives the employee to understand that he or she is not willing to continue to tolerate the reprimanded conduct and that he or she intends to take harsher measures in case of repetition or continuation of the reprimanded conduct."
5 In contrast to the removal from office pursuant to Art. 44 para. 3 lit. a FADP, a warning does not have to be based on a serious breach of official duty. The wording of the law seems to allow a warning for any kind of breach of official duty. However, in view of the principle of proportionality, a warning must be suitable and necessary to restore the proper performance of official duties by the commissioner. According to the explanations of the SPK-N on parliamentary initiative 21.443, a warning could, for example, be considered if the appointee violates the provisions on secondary employment (Art. 47 FADP) or the acceptance of gifts or other benefits (Art. 1 para. 2 of the Ordinance of the Federal Assembly of 17 June 2022 on the Employment Relationship of the Head of the Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner [hereinafter "Ordinance on the Employment Relationship of the Appointee"] in conjunction with Art. 93 f. FADP). Art. 93 f. BPV) is violated. On the other hand, the Judicial Commission may not issue a warning if it is of the opinion that the Commissioner is setting the wrong priorities in the performance of his or her duties. This would be incompatible with the independence of the commissioner and would interfere with the performance of his or her duties.
6 As a disciplinary measure, a warning always presupposes fault. The appointee must therefore have acted intentionally or at least negligently.
III. Disciplinary proceedings
7 The Judicial Commission is responsible for imposing the warning on the appointee. This corresponds to Art. 2 para. 3 of the Ordinance on the Employment Relationship of the Commissioner, according to which the Judicial Commission makes those employer decisions that are not assigned to the United Federal Assembly. If the Judicial Commission comes to the conclusion that the conduct complained of constitutes a serious breach of official duty in accordance with Art. 44 para. 3 letter a FADP, it may request the United Federal Assembly to remove the appointee from office.
8 Disciplinary proceedings against the appointee shall be governed by the (subsidiary applicable) provisions of federal personnel law (Art. 1 para. 2 of the Ordinance on the Employment Relationship of the Appointee).
9 The warning may only be issued following a disciplinary investigation (Art. 99 para. 1 BPV). Art. 98 BPV applies to the disciplinary investigation: according to this, the judicial commission opens the disciplinary investigation and designates the person who will be entrusted with the investigation. This may also be an external person (Art. 98 para. 1 BPV).
10 The Administrative Procedure Act is applicable to the disciplinary proceedings (Art. 98 para. 2 BPV). This means in particular that the determination of the facts by the judicial commission is also governed by the provisions of the APA, namely with regard to the right to abstain (Art. 10 APA), the principle of investigation and the evidence (Art. 12 and Art. 14 ff. APA), the duties of the commissioner to cooperate (Art. 13 APA) and the procedural rights of the commissioner (in particular the right to inspect the files and to be heard; Art. 26 ff. APA). APA).
11 The warning must be issued as an order within the meaning of Art. 5 APA (Art. 34 APA). The commissioner may appeal the court commission's warning to the Federal Administrative Court (Art. 36 para. 1 BPG).
The opinion expressed reflects the personal opinion of the authorship and does not bind the Federal Office of Justice.
Bibliography
Baeriswyl Bruno, Kommentierung zu Art. 44a DSG, in: Baeriswyl Bruno/Pärli Kurt/Blonski Dominika (Hrsg.), Datenschutzgesetz, Stämpflis Handkommentar, 2. Aufl., Bern 2023.
Petermann Büttler Judith, Kommentierung zu Art. 44a DSG, in: Bieri Adrian/Powell Julian (Hrsg.), Datenschutzgesetz, Orell Füssli Kommentar, Zürich 2023.
Materials
Botschaft des Bundesrates vom 15.9.2017 zum Bundesgesetz über die Totalrevision des Bundesgesetzes über den Datenschutz und die Änderung weiterer Erlasse zum Datenschutz (BBl 2017 S. 6941).
Bericht der SPK-N vom 27.1.2022 zur parlamentarischen Initiative 21.443 «Verordnung über das Arbeitsverhältnis der Leiterin oder des Leiters des Eidgenössischen Datenschutz- und Öffentlichkeitsbeauftragten» (BBl 2022 S. 345).